August 12, 1981 Denver, Colorado Denver University and Catholic Diocese at Beottcher Hall, Denver University
Part 1 (42:54 minutes) Summary (AI-generated):This recording features an explanation by His Holiness the Dalai Lama regarding the necessity of mental development in an increasingly technological world. He discusses the concept of universal responsibility, the importance of interfaith harmony, and provides a Buddhist technical explanation for expanding compassion and wisdom through the understanding of selflessness (anātman).
Main Topics:
Universal Responsibility and Human Interdependence
The explanation begins by contrasting rapid material and technological advancements with the stagnation of inner mental development. The Dalai Lama highlights how modern society is profoundly interdependent, relying on one another for resources and survival. From this practical reality, he derives the concept of universal responsibility, urging individuals to realize the inherent sameness of all mankind and to act with a sense of kinship toward all human beings, regardless of nationality or race.
The Psychology of Emotion: Compassion versus Anger
The recording delves into the psychological impact of emotions, identifying anger as a primary destroyer of happiness and love as its creator. The explanation suggests that while certain types of grief may be healthy to express, destructive emotions like hatred and attachment must be controlled through self-awareness and discipline. By prioritizing the welfare of others and practicing kindness, individuals can contribute to both global peace and personal well-being.
Interreligious Harmony and Shared Goals
The Dalai Lama addresses the relationship between various religious traditions, noting that while philosophical frameworks differ significantly, the core objective of most major faiths is the promotion of happiness and the reduction of suffering for all sentient beings. He encourages mutual respect and learning over sectarian argument, suggesting that the true value of any spiritual teaching lies in its ability to help practitioners become better human beings.
The Buddhist Methodology for Developing Compassion (karuṇā)
A more technical explanation is provided regarding the Buddhist method for expanding compassion (karuṇā). This involves reflecting on the infinite cycle of rebirths and the realization that all beings have, in past lives, acted with kindness toward us. To cultivate altruism, one must practice patience (kṣānti), which specifically requires the presence of an enemy to transform hostility into respect and a sense of connection.
The Role of Wisdom (prajñā) and Selflessness (anātman)
The explanation concludes by discussing the necessity of wisdom (prajñā) to support compassion. It is noted that compassion alone cannot eliminate the ignorance that misconstrues the nature of reality; instead, one must employ analytical wisdom to understand the non-inherent existence of phenomena. This involves investigating different levels of selflessness (anātman), ranging from the absence of a permanent, independent entity to the absence of a self-sufficient controller of the mind and body.
Part 2 (17:38 minutes) Summary (AI-generated):This recording provides an explanation of the various levels of selflessness, moving from the coarse perception of duality to the subtle realization of the absence of inherent existence (svabhāva). The teaching further explores the nature of Buddha-nature (tathāgatagarbha), the necessity of maintaining determination in the face of global challenges, and the symbolic meaning of the mantra oṃ maṇi padme hūṃ.
Main Topics:
The Degrees of Selflessness
The explanation details the different levels of selflessness, progressing from a coarse understanding—where external forms are seen as separate from the perceiving consciousness—to the subtlest level: the absence of inherent existence (svabhāva). It is noted that while realizing coarser levels of selflessness does not necessarily eliminate subtle misconceptions, understanding the subtle emptiness of phenomena naturally dismantles all layers of misconception.
Buddha-nature and the Clear Light
The recording moves into a discussion on Buddha-nature (tathāgatagarbha), which is described through two lenses. One refers to the lack of true, inherent existence within the mind even when it is accompanied by defilements, while the other refers to the fundamental, unpolluted nature of the mind, known as the clear light (prabhāsvara). This section references Dharmakīrti to explain that defilements are merely adventitious to this pure nature.
Determination and Social Contribution
Addressing the complexities of global change, the explanation emphasizes the importance of individual determination and courage. It suggests that while the world's problems may seem overwhelming, every person is a contributor to society. The recording advises against falling into pessimism or hopelessness, suggesting that inner strength and a resolute will are the true sources of success in making a difference.
The Mantra of Avalokiteśvara
The explanation concludes with a breakdown of the mantra oṃ maṇi padme hūṃ, the mantra of Avalokiteśvara. Each syllable is given a symbolic meaning: oṃ relates to the purification and exaltation of body, speech, and mind; maṇi represents method (upāya) and compassion (karuṇā); padme represents wisdom (prajñā) and selflessness; and hūṃ symbolizes the indivisibility of wisdom and compassion.
